Hair waving device



HAIR WAVING DE'VICE Original Filed Feb. l2, 1935 was ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 18, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE Application February 12, 1935, Serial No. 6,220 Renewed June 23, l19;'8

13 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in hair Waving devices, particularlyto the type of vdevices for eiiecting permanent waves inthe human hair.

-An objectof this invention is theprovision of a hair waving device which issimpleto operate and low in manufacturing cost.

Another object of theinvention is the provision of a hair waving device which automatically eiects the stretching of thehair without requiring same to be first twistedas'islthe presentvday practice.

Another object of the invention is Athe provision of a hair waving device which automatically stretches the hair without -pulling at the roots l5 thereof and thereby eliminating-bodily rdiscomfort.

Other objects and advantages/.of the `present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the following specication :considered in Aconjunction with the accompanying drawing forming a part thereof and it is to-bel understood that any modifications may be made in the exact structural details there shown and described, within the scope of the -appended c1aims,without departing 5 from or exceeding` the spirit of the invention.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a perspective View ofthe improved hair waving device -of this invention shown in operative position with a strand of hair therein;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the upper portion of the device;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional View through the lower half of the device;

lFig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the two halves of the device with a strand of hair in operative position relative thereto just prior to the stretching thereof; and y Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view through one end of the lower half of the-device and illustrating amodication of theclamping jaws.

Throughout the several views of the drawing similar reference characters are employed to denote the same or similar parts.

As is well known, in order to permanently curl or kink hair -it -is necessary to stretch 'and/or flatten the hair and while in Ythis stretched and flattened position apply heat thereto which permanently sets the hair in waves, kinks or curls. With devices of the prior art ithe hair is divided into a pluralityof strands andv each strand separately wound around a spindlefbobbin or the like and then tightened Vto effect a stretching of the hair. By vthis method the scalpis utilized as the force opposed tothe stretching of the hair which results in material bodily discomfort to the person having his hair waved. Bythe present invention the strands of hair are individually caught at points remote from one another by suitable jaws whereupon the hair is stretched between said points without utilizing the scalp as the anchor- 5 age point or opposed force to the stretching of the hair. As isthe usual custom, heat is applied to permanently set the hair after stretching.

With the prior art structures above noted considerable time is consumed in Wrapping each 10 strand of hair thereby increasing the cost of, as it is lgenerally called, aopermanent wave. WithA the present structure this individual vwrapping and treatment of each strand is dispensed with since the strand is merely placed between a pair of l5 opposed operative stretching and flattening members thereby materially reducing the time involved in giving a permanent wave. i'

By the present invention a permanent wave device is provided which can kbe as readily em- 20 ployed in the average home `andby the average individual as by a beauty shop operator or other beautician.

Specifically and as shown in the drawing, the device of this invention comprises .an upper meni- 25 ber I0 adapted to operatively nest with a lower member Il. The upper member I0 comprises a housing I2 including a bottom i3 and side flanges I4. Within the housing is the Waving member l 5 extending the full width of the housing l2 but of a 30 length less than the length of said housing thereby providing at each kend thereof with the end Walls of the housing pockets I6 and l1. The waving member I5 is provided with a series of transverse ridges I8 between each pair of which is a 35 valley I9.

Disposed in each of the pockets I6 and l'l is a clamping jaw comprising a liner 20 and the jaw member 2| which may readily be formed of some resilient material .such as rubber. In the event 40 the jaw 2 ly is formed of rubber or other material that would not withstand the usual heat utilized in devices of this kind the liner 2.0 would be formed of some heat-resisting material; otherwisel vthe liner would takethe form of a retainer clip for the 45 jaw 2l.

Thewaving element .I5 is provided on its Aface opposite to that carrying the ridges I8 with a recess 22 in which is disposed an electric heating element 23. The element 23 is connected with a 50 wire 24 which', as is usual practice, carries at its other. end means for connecting same with .the house current.

The lower member H is substantially identical with the upper member l 0 exceptlthat itis slightly 55 wider as will now be made clear. The lower member I I, therefore, comprises a housing 25 having a bottom 25 and upstanding flanges 2l on each edge thereof. The longitudinal flanges are considerably higher than the lateral flanges and are indicated in Fig. 1 by the reference numerals 28 and 29. Within the housing 25 is the stretching element 30 which is substantially identical with the element I5 except that it has its ridges 3| and valleys 32 offset with respect to the ridges and valleys of the member I5 whereby the elements accurately nest with one another. f

The element 30 is of a length less than the length of the housing 25 so as to provide at opposite ends thereof the jaw-receiving pockets for the jaws 33 which are in opposition to the jaws 2l of theupper member I0.

Between the bottom 26 of the housing 25 and the element 38 is an electrical heating element 34 suitably connected with a wire 35 which similar to wire 24 is adapted to be connected with the house current.

The longitudinal flanges 28 and 29 of the housing 25 are each provided with a pair of rectangular openings 36 and 31 one side of which is inclined as at 38. As will be seen from Fig. 1, the direction of inclination of the sides 38 are opposite one another in the housing flanges 28 and 29.

Pivotally mounted on the upper housing I2 is a pair of clamping dogs 39 vand 40 each having projecting from opposite ends thereof clamping fingers 4Iv and 42. The dogs 39 and 40 are so related to the inclined cam faces. 38 as to simultaneously engage these faces when actuated about their respective pivotal connections, shown in the drawing as threaded screws 43.

The operation ofthe hair waving device is as follows:

The wires 24 and 35 are plugged into the house circuit for heating elements 23 and 34. A strand of hair is then placed between the upper and lower members I and II in the position shown in Fig. 4. This causes the opposed jaws 2| and 33 to engage and clamp the hair therebetween. The members are then forced towards Ione another causing the ridges I8 of the upper stretching and flattening element I to enter the valleys 32 of the element 30. As these parts are actuated toward one another the clamping pressure of the jaws increases, the said jaws yielding under this pressure, thereby preventing the slipping of the hair but instead forcing said hair to follow the undulated surfaces of the stretching and flattening elements and thereby stretching the hair between the clamping jaws.

In order to hold the members I8 and I I in this stretching position the clamping dogs 39 and 40 are actuated to cause their respective fingers 4I and 42 to engage the cam surfaces 38 thereby more securely clamping the parts to one another as well as the hair therebetween.

As is usual practice the parts are left in this position for a given period of time depending upon the texture of the hair whereupon the clamping dogs are released to permit a separation of the parts with the hair in a permanently kinked, waved or curled condition. It isto be understood that suitable cloths or the like saturated with the usual fluid would be placed between the strand of hair and the stretching and flattening elements I5 and 30 should same be desired.

In Fig. 5 there is illustrated a modified clamping jaw structure which comprises a plate 44 having secured to one sidethereof a suitable jaw member 45. Contacting with the other side ofk the plate 44 is a plurality of springs 46 which yield under pressure for yieldably securing the strand of hair between the jaw 45 and a cooperating jaw on the other housing. To prevent the plate 44 from misalignment and to maintain same in proper operative position it has projecting from opposite sides thereof lugs 4l and 48 respectively received in slots 49 and 50 formed in the housing side flanges.

From the foregoing it is believed now evident that there has been provided a hair waving device in which it is not necessary to utilize spindles, pins or the like about which the hair is wrapped and stretched. It should also be noted that with the present mechanism the scalp of the person having his hair waved is not used as the anchorage point or opposed force during the stretching and attening of the hair. Y

What is claimed is:

1. In a hair curling device of the class described, the combination of a pair of cooperating stretching and waving plates, each having a solid undulated surface which surfaces are adapted to nest with one another, means coacting to press said plates together in their nesting relation, and clamp members, one at each end of each of said plates, the members at adjacent ends being adapted .to cooperate for clamping a strand of hair placed between the plates so that said strand is stretched by the nesting of the plate surfaces, at least one of each two cooperating clamp members being yieldable to provide the requisite clamping effect yet not injure the hair.

2. In a hair curling device the combination of a lower housing having a pair of extended oppositely disposed sides, an upper housing adapted to be superimposed on the lower housing and received between the extended sides, a yieldable jaw at each end of each housing and adapted to hold between them a strand of hair to be curled, cooperating stretching and curling plates each having an undulated operative surface and adapted to nest with one another to stretch and curl the strand of hair between the clamping jaws, means carried by each of the housings cooperating with one another for securing same in operative position comprising pivotally mounted clamping dogs on the upper housing and cooperating cam surfaces on the lower housing, and an electrical heating element associated with each of the stretching and curling plates for supplying heat thereto while the housings are in operative stretching and curling relation with one another.

3. In a hair curling device of the class described the combination of a pair of telescoping members, cooperating stretching and waving plates associated with each of the members, said stretching and waving plates each having a solid undulated surface adapted to nest with one another `upon the telescoping of the members, and yieldable clamp means at each end of each stretching and waving plate adapted to engage one another for clamping a strand of hair between the stretching and waving plates, and cooperating means on the telescoping members and effecting the telescoping of the members and to nest the stretching and curling plates.

5. In a hair curling device of the class described the combination of a pair of telescoping members, cooperating stretching and waving plates associated with each of the members, said stretching and waving plates each having a solid undulated surface adapted to nest with one another upon the telescoping of the members, and yieldable clamp means at each end of each stretching and waving plate adapted to engage one another for clamping a strand of hair between the stretching and waving plates, and cooperating means on the telescoping members to nest the stretching and curling plates, comprising cam surfaces on one member and movable cam followers on the other member.

6. In a hair curling device of the class described the combination of a pair of telescoping members substantially co-extensive in area with one another, cooperating stretching and waving plates carried by the members, said stretching and waving plates having solid undulating surfaces for nesting cooperation with one another, and a yieldable clamping jaw at each end of each plate, the clamping jaws at each end of one of the plates projecting above the end portion of the undulation thereof while the jaws at each end of the other plate are slightly behind the top of the highest portion of the undulations thereof, and said jaws'being so related to one another and to the undulation of the stretching and curling plates as to engage and clamp a strand of hair between the plates prior to and .during the stretching and curling of the strand of hair.

7. In a hair curling device of the class described the combination of a pair of telescoping members substantially co-extensive in area with one another, cooperating stretching and waving plates carried by the members, said stretching and waving plates having solid undulating surfaces for nesting cooperation with one another, and a yieldable clamping jaw at each end of each plate,

the clamping jaws at each end of one of the plates projecting above the end portion of the undulation thereof while the jaws at each end of the other plate are slightly behind the top of the highest portion of the undulations thereof, and said jaws being so related to one another and to the undulation of the stretching and curling plates as to engage and clamp a strand of hair between the plates prior to and during the stretching and curling of the strand of hair, and cooperating means carried by the members and effecting the telescoping thereof and the nesting of the stretching and waving of the strand of hair therebetween.

8. In a hair curling device of the class described the combination of a pair of telescoping members substantially co-extensive in area with one another, cooperating stretching and waving plates carried by the members, said stretching and waving plates having solid undulating surfaces for nesting cooperation with one another, and a yieldable clamping jaw at each end of each plate, the clamping jaws at each end of one of the plates projecting above the end portion of the undulation thereof while the jaws at each end of the other plate are slightly behind the top of the highest portion of the undulations thereof, and said jaws being so related to one another and to the undulation of the stretching and curling plates as to engage and clamp a strand of hair between the plates prior to and during the stretching and curling of the strand of hair, and cooperating means carried by the members and effecting the telescoping thereof and the nesting of the stretching and Waving of the strand of hair therebetween, comprising a cam surface associated with one of the telescoping members and a movable cam follower associated with the other member.

9. In a hair curling device of the class described the combination of a pair of telescoping members substantially co-extensive in area with one another, cooperating stretching and waving plates carried by the members, said stretching and waving plates having solid undulating surfaces for nesting cooperationvwith one another, a yieldable clamping jaw at each end of each plate, the clamping jaws at each end of one of the pilates projecting above the end portion of the undulation thereof while the jaws at each end of the other plate are slightly behind the top of the highest portion of the undulations thereof, and said jaws being so related to one another and to the undulation of the stretching and curling plates as to engage and clamp a strand of hair between the plates prior to and during the stretching and curling of the strand of hair, and cooperating means carried by the members and effecting the telescoping thereof and the nesting of the stretching and waving of the strand of hair therebetween, and means for supplying heat to one of said stretching and waving plates.

10. In a hair curling device of the class described the combination of a pair of telescoping members substantially co--eXtensive in area with one another, cooperating stretching and waving.

plates carried by the members, said stretching and waving plates having solid undulating surfaces for nesting cooperation with one another, and a yieldable clamp-ing jaw at each end of each plate, the clamping jaws at each end of one of the plates projecting above the end portion of the undulation thereof while the jaws at each end of the other plate are slightly behind the top of the highest portion of the undulations thereof, and said jaws being so related to one another and to the undulation of the stretching and curling plates as to engage and clamp a strand of hair between the plates prior to and during the stretching and curling of the strand of hair, and cooperating means carried by the members and effecting the telescoping thereof and the nesting of the stretching and waving of the stra-nd of hair therebetween, comprising a cam surface associated with one of the telescoping members and a movable cam follower associated with the other member, and means for supplying heat to said stretching and waving plates.

11. In a hair curling device the combination of a lower housing having a pair of extended oppositely disposed sides, an upper housing adapted to be super-imposed on the lower housing and resting between the extended sides, a stretching and curling plate carried by each of the housings, each of said curling and stretching plates having an undulated operative surface adapted to nest with one another, a yieldable jaw at each end of each housing and so related to one another and to the undulation of the stretching and curling plates as to hold between them a strand of hair to be curled prior to and during the nesting of the stretching and curling plates, 'and cooperating means carried by the extended sides of the lower housing and by the upper housing for effecting the telescoping of the housings and the nesting of the plates.

12. In a hair curling device the combination of a lower housing having. a pair of extended oppositely disposed sides, an upper housing adapted to be super-imposed on the lower housing and resting between the extended sides, a stretching and curling plate carried by each of they housings, each of said curling and stretching plates having an undulated operative surface adapted to nest with one another, a yieldable jaw at each end of each housing and so related to one another and to the undulation of the stretching and curling plates as to hold between them a strand of hair to be curled prior to and during the nesting of the stretching and curling plates, and cooperating means carriedby the extended sides of the lower housing and by the upper housing for effecting the telescoping of the housings and the nesting of the plates, comprising oppositely inclined cam surfaces in the extended sides of the lower housing and a movable cam follower on the upper housing.v

13. In a hair curling device the combination of a lower housing having a pair of extended oppositely disposed sides, an upper housing adapted to be superimposed on the lower housing and resting between the extended sides, a stretching and 5 curling plate carried by each of the housings, each of said curling and stretching plates having an undulated operative surface adapted to nest with one another, a yieldable jaw at each end of each housing and so related to one another and to the undulation of the-stretching and curling plates as to hold between them a strand of hair to be `curled prio-r to andV during the nesting of the stretching and curling plates, cooperating means carried by the extended sides 1 of the lower housing and by the upper housing for effecting the telescoping of the housings and the nesting of the plates, comprising oppositely inclined cam surfaces in the extended sides of the lower housing and a movable cam follower 20 on the upper housing, and means associated with 

